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Sexual Violence in History: A Bibliography compiled by Stefan Blaschke |
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Contact Search Introduction + History Announcements + Updates Alphabetical Index Chronological Index Geographical Index Topical Index + Cases + Types + Victims + Society + Research Resources + Research |
Start: Topical Index: Types: Wartime Sexual Violence: 20th Century and 21st Century:
Types: Wartime Sexual Violence: »During the first and second conflicts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), all armed parties to the conflict carried out a policy of genocidal rape, with the primary purpose being the total destruction of communities and families. Such was the violence directed at and carried out towards women that Human Rights Watch (HRW) described it as "a war within a war". HRW has reported that as of March 2013, civil conflict had reignited when the militia, March 23 Movement (M23), resumed hostilities following a ceasefire.« -- More information: Wikipedia First Congo War (1996-1997) »The First Congo War (1996-1997), also nicknamed Africa's First World War, was a civil war and international military conflict which took place mostly in Zaire (which was renamed the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the process), with major spillovers into Sudan and Uganda. The conflict culminated in a foreign invasion that replaced Zairean president Mobutu Sese Seko with the rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila. Kabila's unstable government subsequently came into conflict with his allies, setting the stage for the Second Congo War in 1998-2003.« -- More information: Wikipedia Chronological Index: Modern History: 20th Century | Geographical Index: African History: Congolese History I. Author Index Second Congo War (1998-2003) »The Second Congo War, also known as the Great War of Africa or the Great African War, began in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in August 1998, little more than a year after the First Congo War, and involved some of the same issues. Eventually involving belligerents from across the African continent, the war officially ended in July 2003 when the Transitional Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo took power. Although a peace agreement was signed in 2002, violence has continued in many regions of the country, especially in the east.« -- More information: Wikipedia Chronological Index: Modern History: 20th Century, 21st Century | Geographical Index: African History: Congolese History Topical Index: Representations: Films: The Greatest Silence: Rape in the Congo; Literary Texts: Lynn Nottage I. Author Index [Info] Banwell, Stacy. »Rape and sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A case study of gender-based violence.« Journal of Gender Studies 23 (2014): 45-58. [Info] Bell, Baillie. The Wartime Rape Narrative in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. M.A. Thesis, University of Ottawa, 2016. [Info] Blum, Salome. The Invisible Victims of Sexual Violence: A Qualitative Analysis of Male Rape in the Congolese Conflict. Master Thesis, University of Oslo, 2012. [Info] Brankamp, Hanno. »Masculinity, Victimhood and Male Bodies as 'Battlefield' in Eastern DR Congo.« IReflect 2 (2015): 5-28. [Info] Chiwengo, Ngwarsungu. »When Wounds and Corpses Fail to Speak: When Wounds and Corpses Fail to Speak: Narratives of Violence and Rape in Congo (DRC).« Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 28 (2008): 78-92. [Info] Curren, Kristen. Sexual Violence and Rape in the Democratic Republic of Congo. M.A. Thesis, Dalhousie University, 2008. [Info] Demmers, Jolle. »Neoliberal Discourses on Violence: Montrosity and Rape in Borderland War.« Gender, Globalization, and Violence: Postcolonial Conflict Zones. Edited by Sandra Ponzanesi. New York 2014: 27-45. [Info] Dragotesc, Andra-Mirona. (De)constructing War Raped Identities: Awareness Raising Politics on Mass Wartime Rapes in Congo. M.A. Thesis, Central European University, 2009. [Info] Eriksson Baaz, Maria, et al. Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War? Perceptions, Prescriptions, Problems in the Congo and Beyond. London 2013. [Info] Kippenberg, Juliane. Soldiers Who Rape, Commanders Who Condone: Sexual Violence and Military Reform in the Democratic Republic of Congo. New York 2009. [Info] Kirby, Paul. Rethinking War/Rape: Feminism, Critical Explanation and the Study of Wartime Sexual Violence, with Special Reference to the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Ph.D. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science, 2012. [Info] Klockmann, Ida. Sexual Violence in the Conflicts of the DRC. Roskilde 2013. [Info] Le Pape, Marc. »Viol d’hommes, masculinités et conflits armés.« Cahiers d'études africaines Nos. 209-210 (2013): 201-215. [Info] Lenander, Hanna. Rape, the masculine thing to do? A comparative study of rape in DRC by the DRC military and the peacekeeping force. Bachelor Thesis, Lund University, 2017. [Info] Mpinga, Emmanuel K. »Rape in Armed Conflicts in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Systematic Review of the Scientific Literature.« Trauma, Violence, & Abuse (May 19, 2016). [Info] Pimentel, Dinarco. Uma Análise ao Julgamento do Caso Lubanga pelo ICC: Das Crianças Soldado à Violência Sexual. Porto 2013. [Info] Puechguirbal, Nadine. »Lever le silence: Nouvelles approches des conséquences du viol en Érythrée, République Démocratique du Congo, Rwanda, Somalie (1994-2008).« Viols en temps de guerre. Edited by Raphaëlle Branche et al. Paris 2011: 145- . [Info] Puechguirbal, Nadine. »Breaking the Silence: New Approaches to the Consequences of Rape in Some African Conflicts, 1994-2008.« Rape in Wartime. Edited by Raphaëlle Branche et al. Basingstoke 2012: 140-152. [Info] SáCouto, Susana, et al. »The Adjudication Process and Reasoning at the International Criminal Court: The Lubanga Trial Chamber Judgment, Sentencing and Reparations.« Human Rights and Civil Liberties in the 21st Century. Edited by Yves Haeck et al. Dordrecht 2014: 131-155. [Info] Salih, Elaff G., et al. »Wartime Women Rape: A Means of Moral Attack and Emasculation in Lynn Nottage’s Ruined.« International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 5 (2016): 113-120. [Info] Tan, Joe. »Sexual Violence Against Children on the Battlefield as a Crime of Using Child Soldiers: Square Pegs in Round Holes and Missed Opportunities in Lubanga.« Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law 15 (2012): 117-151. [Info] Ticktin, Miriam. »The Gendered Human of Humanitarianism: Medicalising and Politicising Sexual Violence.« Gender & History 23 (2011): 250-265. [Info] Trenholm, Jill. Women Survivors, Lost Children and Traumatized Masculinities: The Phenomena of Rape and War in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Uppsala 2013. [Info] Trenholm, Jill, et al. »Constructing Soldiers from Boys in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.« Men and Masculinities 16 (2013): 203-227. [Info] Victoor, Amanda. An 'Other' Woman's Rape: Abjection and Objection in Representations of War Rape Victims in the DRC. M.A. Thesis, Queen's University, 2010. [Info] Victoor, Amanda. An 'Other' Woman's Rape: Abjection and Objection in Representations of War Rape Victims in the DRC. M.A. Thesis, Queen's University, 2011. [Info] Zongwe, Dunia P. »The New Sexual Violence Legislation in the Congo: Dressing Indelible Scars on Human Dignity.« African Studies Review 22 (2012): 37-57. II. Speaker Index [Info] Puechguirbal, Nadine. »Les conséquences du viol au lendemain des conflits armés et son impact sur la réintégration sociale des victimes/survivantes au sein de leur communauté/société.« Les viols en temps de guerre: une histoire à écrire - Rape in Wartime: A History to be Written. Paris 2009. Ituri Conflict (1999-present) »The Ituri conflict (French: Guerre d'Ituri) is an ongoing low intensity asymmetrical conflict between the agriculturalist Lendu and pastoralist Hema ethnic groups in the Ituri region of the north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). While the two groups had fought since as early as 1972, the name 'Ituri conflict' refers to the period of intense violence between 1999 and 2003. Armed conflict continues to the present day. « -- More information: Wikipedia Chronological Index: Modern History: 21st Century | Geographical Index: African History: Congolese History | Topical Index: Cases: Real Incidents: Bogoro Massacre; Prosecution: Trials: International Criminal Court Topical Index: Cases: Real Offenders: Germain Katanga, Thomas Lubanga |